Authorizing a transfer under the act can be difficult, as copyright amendments involve works that were protected and transferred prior to the implementation of a new law. The term can be used between 28 and 56 years before the copyright is returned to the original owner, depending on when the copyright was received or transferred. While the U.S. Copyright Office does not ask you to register your copyright, registration can help protect your copyright from infringement and prove your property. Like other personal property rights, copyrights may be transferred in whole or in part to another party for a variety of reasons. The copyright holder is the only body that can exercise these rights with respect to a protected work, particularly for commercial purposes, unless the rights have been transferred. export all legitimate documents that are appropriate and necessary to obtain a patent, copyright or trademark on one of the intellectual property rights and on all continuous, partial or reinstalled applications. Critics have argued that the copyright transmission agreement in the field of commercial scientific publishing "is as important as ensuring long-term asset management that it is a matter of providing services to the academic community," because the practice seems to give the publisher a subsidy that does not seem to benefit the authors. [14] Copyright transfer agreements are often at odds with or appear to be at odds with self-archiving practices[15] because of ambiguous language. [16] 2.2 The rights under point 2.1 are granted as exclusive rights for the duration of the copyright, each of which is unlimited in geographical scope. If the author wishes to reproduce and distribute the article elsewhere after one year after its publication, he must obtain written consent from the publisher. Given the interests of both parties, the publisher will not unreasonably refuse its consent.

If the article is presented by the publisher, the publisher informs the author of this provision. Copyright seems simple at first glance, but if the different copyright rights are awarded individually instead of the whole, the support of an experienced intellectual property lawyer is needed. Some commercial publishers, such as Elsevier, exploit "nominal copyrights" when they require the transfer of full and exclusive rights from authors to the publishing house for OA articles, while copyright remains in the name of the authors. [38] The assumption that this practice is a precondition for publication is misleading, as even works that are publicly available can be redirected, printed and disseminated by publishers.